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淺談早期人類定居與農業的起源
文 / 吳意琳
Abstract
The aim of this article is to review the opinion about sedentism
(and agriculture). In the past, there were a lot of discussion to
this topic, and the population pressure, climate changing and the
social complexity were the focus of attention at the primary argument.
Here we noted the current argument about the population pressure.
Hayden and Rosenberg both basically agree the population-resource
imbalances, but they have different explanation to the same factors:
population pressure, resources competition, and increased sedentism.
At last, I would propose to consider the Man-Land relation models
and the regional complex analysis, when the hypothetic-deductive
method are showing synthetic tendency. I think that the Man-Land
relation models would offer some advantage to explain the archeological
records.
摘要
本篇文章主要回顧關於定居和農業起源的討論。過去關於這方面的討論不少，主要針對人口壓力、氣候變遷和社會組織複雜化這三項因素，而我們在此將最近對人口壓力因素的爭論再作整理。Hayden
和 Rosenberg 都認同「人口－資源的不平衡」，但他們對人口壓力、資源競爭和定居的因果關係有不同詮釋。文末筆者提出 人－地關係模式
對於人類活動區域性整合的分析，同時也建議將此模式作為參考，在綜合性的假說詮釋模式日益受到重視的趨勢下，也許可以對考古資料的解釋提供一些靈感。
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